The Siamese Revolution of 1932 or the Siamese Coup d'état of 1932 (การปฏิวัติสยาม พ.ศ. 2475 หรือ การเปลี่ยนแปลงการปกครองสยาม พ.ศ. 2475) was a critical turning point in Thai history during the 20th century during the ruling of King Prajadhipok, Rama VII. The revolution happened on the 24th of June, which the system of government in Thailand, back then called Siam, was changed from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. In a constitutional monarchy, the monarch does not have much power because there is a constitution. In an absolute monarchy, the monarch has absolute power.
The revolution was caused by a group of civilians and military called “Khana Ratsadon” in Thai, known in english as the “People’s Party”. There were the first political party ever formed in Siam. The group consist of Colonel Phahon Phonphayuhasena (Phot Phahonyothin), as the Head of the Military Faction and the Leader of Khana Ratsadon, as well as Major Minister Luang Praditmanutham (Pridi Phanomyong), as the Head of the Civil Faction and the Vice Leader of Khana Ratsadon who had a huge impact on the Siamese Revolution.
The revolution or the Coup d'état ended 700 years of absolute rule of kings over Thai history during the Chakri Dynasty. The revolution became a global historical change as well as a social and political change. The revolution caused the people of Siam to have their first constitution.
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